Foundation Design

Unit 1

Soil Exploration and In-Situ Testing (8 Hours)  Introduction to Soil Exploration  Methods of Boring and Drilling  Soil Sampling Techniques and Sampler Types  In-Situ Tests: Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT), Dynamic Cone Penetration Test (DCPT)  Geophysical Methods: Soil Resistivity, Seismic Refraction

Unit 2

Bearing Capacity and Settlement of Shallow Foundations (8 Hours)  Bearing Capacity: Design Criteria and Factors Affecting Bearing Capacity  Selection of Foundation Depth  Modes of Shear Failures  Theories of Bearing Capacity: Terzaghi’s, Meyerhof, Hansen’s, and IS Code Methods  Settlement of Shallow Foundations: Immediate, Consolidation, and Differential Settlement Evaluation Scheme & Syllabus for B. Tech. Third Year (Civil Engineering) (Effective from Session 2024-25), AKTU, Lucknow

Unit 3

Design of Shallow and Deep Foundations (8 Hours)  Principles of Shallow Foundation Design  Design of Isolated and Strip Footings  Introduction to Deep Foundations: Necessity and Applications  Pile Foundations: Installation, Group Action in Sand and Clay, Group Efficiency  Settlement of Piles, Negative Skin Friction, Under-Reamed Piles

Unit 4

Well Foundations and Retaining Structures (8 Hours)  Introduction to Well Foundations: Shapes, Characteristics, and Components  Forces Acting on Well Foundations  Sinking of Wells: Causes and Remedies for Tilts and Shifts  Retaining Walls: Types, Support Systems, and Construction Methods  Introduction to Sheet Piles and Their Uses

Unit 5

Soil Reinforcement Techniques (8 Hours)  Geotechnical Properties of Reinforced Soil  Applications of Soil Reinforcement  Shallow Foundations on Reinforced Soil: Design Considerations  Idealized Soil Models and Interface Behavior  Elastic Models of Soil Behavior in Reinforced Foundations