Artificial Intelligence

Unit I

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & Intelligent Agents : Definition and scope of AI, History and applications of AI, Characteristics of Intelligent Agents, Types of agents and environments, Agent architecture, Problem Solving Approach to Typical AI problems, Problem-solving agents. Example problems and approaches

Unit II

Problem Solving & Search Strategies: Uninformed Search Strategies: BFS, DFS, Iterative Deepening, Informed Search Strategies: Greedy Best-First Search, A* Search, Heuristics and Optimization, Hill Climbing, Simulated Annealing, Constraint Satisfaction Problems, Game Playing: Min-max, Alpha-Beta Pruning, Stochastic & Partially Observable Games

Unit III

Knowledge Representation & Reasoning: Propositional and First Order Logic, Syntax, Semantics, and Inference, Knowledge-based agents: Wumpus world, Logic Programming using Prolog, Forward and Backward Chaining, Resolution, Ontological Engineering and Reasoning

Unit IV

Uncertainty & Learning Techniques: Introduction to uncertainty and probabilistic reasoning, Bayes' Rule, Bayesian Networks, Fuzzy logic and handling imprecision, Neural Networks (basics only): Perceptron, Backpropagation (intro level), Fundamentals of Machine Learning in AI context, Introduction to supervised and unsupervised learning

Unit V

Applications of AI & Multi-Agent Systems: Natural Language Processing, Machine Translation, Information Retrieval and Extraction, Robotics: Perception, Planning, and Motion, Speech Recognition, Software Agents: Architecture, Communication, Trust, Multi-agent Negotiation and Reputation. Explainable AI (XAI) – Importance of interpretability, techniques for explaining black-box models, trust in AI, case studies in NLP and vision