Operating System

Unit I

Introduction: Operating System and Functions, Classification of Operating Systems — Batch, Interactive, Time Sharing, Real Time, Multiprocessor, Multiuser, Multiprocess, Multithreaded Systems, OS Structure — Layered Structure, System Components, OS Services, Reentrant Kernels, Monolithic and Microkernel Systems.

Unit II

Concurrent Processes: Process Concept, Principle of Concurrency, Producer/Consumer Problem, Mutual Exclusion, Critical Section Problem, Dekker's Solution, Peterson's Solution, Semaphores, Test and Set Operation, Classical Problems — Dining Philosopher, Sleeping Barber, Inter-Process Communication Models and Schemes, Process Generation.

Unit III

CPU Scheduling & Deadlock: Scheduling Concepts, Performance Criteria, Process States, Process Transition Diagram, Schedulers, Process Control Block (PCB), Process Address Space, Threads and Their Management, Scheduling Algorithms, Multiprocessor Scheduling. Deadlock: System Model, Characterization, Prevention, Avoidance and Detection, Recovery from Deadlock.

Unit IV

Memory Management: Basic Bare Machine, Resident Monitor, Multiprogramming with Fixed and Variable Partitions, Protection Schemes, Paging, Segmentation, Paged Segmentation, Virtual Memory Concepts, Demand Paging and its Performance, Page Replacement Algorithms, Thrashing, Cache Memory Organization, Locality of Reference.

Unit V

I/O Management and Disk Scheduling: I/O Devices and Subsystems, I/O Buffering, Disk Storage and Disk Scheduling, RAID. File System: File Concept, Organization and Access Mechanisms, File Directories, File Sharing, Implementation Issues, Protection and Security.